Click to Start – Written by the Readers

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It may sound strange, but it’s a well known fact around my house that I’m not a big fan of going to the theatre. Amongst other traits I have a habit of falling asleep about 20 minutes into the show. Which may all sound a little surprising when you consider a) I spent the first 15 years of my professional life working in the performing arts (the last three managing a performing arts centre); and b) I’m the co-founder and co-owner of the most widely read industry media outlet in the arts.

My normal comeback is I’m tainted by old habits – sitting at a production desk plotting lighting with a cigarette in one hand and a bottle of brandy in the other. Well, ok, it was only one show we drank brandy throughout bump-in week. But it was a darn good brandy, and a darn good show moreover. Which of course means making me sit up straight and quiet for a couple of hours in front of a stage is a considerable challenge. I still can’t help myself, I still check the lighting rig, the audio, despite it being years since my heyday as a theatre tech.

After years working countless shows and endless performances, it takes a lot to capture my attention. Yet, most often, come an evening out, we settle the kids, brief the babysitter, and head out with me having almost no idea what we’re about to see (the social director of the household having made the necessary arrangements). It’s only when we’re seated I have a moment to scan the program and discover what joys the evening holds. Sometimes I recognise the names, sometimes not.

I do read the newspapers – one of the perks at Arts Hub is we have a big bunch of newspapers delivered through the week, including the interstaters, so there’s no shortage of exposure to arts event promotion. Oh, and did I mention I own a chunk of the country’s only arts news service? I’m supposed to know what’s going on, who’s doing what where, and when.

The problem is I hardly pay any attention at all these days to what I read in the newspaper. It’s not because I’m resistant – like most I like nothing better than settling in with the weekend magazine and a coffee in the garden on the weekend. The reason is the newspapers are no longer my sole source of information. Forget broadcast media. The only time I ever listen to the radio is in the car – which is usually with the children, which means Kylie Minogue on the stereo. The only TV news I see is Sky, BBC and CNN on cable late at night.

So where do I get my daily dose of world happenings? Well, let’s start with the half a dozen online newsletters I receive each day. Several are specific to my interests – web development, technology, subscription content. I get my gossip fix from Crikey. Plus I watch several web sites, use Google News to monitor specific issues – the list goes on.

The ‘traditional’ media, eg the non-online media, has taken a back seat. It’s only part of my daily dose, and it’s not the first thing I read each morning. In fact, I’ve now relegated the newspapers to lunch time reading – if I have time for lunch.

And what’s the big difference between the traditional and the online media I’m reading now – apart from the obvious difference between delivery methods? Might sound obvious, but after ten years of the growing and now widespread use by the population of the Internet, I’m still amazed at how many people in the arts don’t see the blinding light in front of their noses.

Traditional media is a one way pipe. Digital media is a two way pipe – it’s BIDIRECTIONAL. Virtually every source of online information I subscribe to has information traversing in two directions. The media source sends it out, the audience talks back. To take the concept a logical and inevitable step further, some digital media sources send out content which was created by the audience to start with – an easy example is Slashdot.org, the legendary site amongst web programmers and tech heads. They have something like 800,000 registered users, millions of readers, and are known for the famous Slashdot effect – when a web site is linked from Slashdot the resultant traffic is sometimes so heavy the promoted web site’s server crashes. Slashdot, at the end of a day, is a digest of news online. There’s even a digest of the digest – http://www.alterslash.org/. So how many writers does Slashdot employ? None. The content on Slashdot is entirely written by the readers.

And there’s the crux – it’s written by the readers.

Try this for size:

“In a national phone survey between March 12 and May 20, 2003 , the Pew Internet & American Life Project found that more than 53 million American adults or 44% of adult Internet users have used the Internet to publish their thoughts, respond to others, post pictures, share files and otherwise contribute to the explosion of content available online. 21% of Internet users say they have posted photographs to Web sites. 13% of Internet users maintain their own Web sites. Around 7% have Web cams running on their computers that allow other Internet users to see live pictures of them and their surroundings.”

As web site owners and operators – and through those digital windows, as promoters and distributors of our products and services – we’ve got to stop assuming that internet users are passive receptors. They are active participants in the creation of the content on the Internet. Content which they in turn consume.

Heard of ‘blogs’, of ‘blogging’? You haven’t? Stop reading this article, open a browser window and Google the word ‘blog’.

Blogs are probably the biggest thing to hit the Net in recent times. For the uninitiated blogs are online journals, generally run by an individual, or small group. They’re the digital media’s equivalent of a diary. Sometimes they are simply the catalogue of a person’s everyday life, others focus on particular topics or themes. Most blogs allow the reader to contribute via a range of interactions such as submitting comments, votes etc.

The Pew survey noted above also found 2% of internet users maintained a blog. Another Pew survey in 2004 put that proportion at between 2% and 7%. Doesn’t sound a lot. But as with all statistics you need to know the raw numbers.

WORLD INTERNET USAGE AND POPULATION STATISTICS

World Regions

Population

( 2004 Est.)

Internet Usage,

( Year 2000 )

Internet Usage,

Latest Data

User Growth

( 2000-2004 )

Penetration

(% Population )

% of

World

Africa

893,197,200

4,514,400

12,937,100

186.6 %

1.4 %

1.6 %

Asia

3,607,499,800

114,303,000

257,898,314

125.6 %

7.1 %

31.7 %

Europe

730,894,078

103,096,093

230,886,424

124.0 %

31.6 %

28.4 %

Middle East

258,993,600

5,284,800

17,325,900

227.8 %

6.7 %

2.1 %

North America

325,246,100

108,096,800

222,165,659

105.5 %

68.3 %

27.3 %

Latin America/Caribbean

541,775,800

18,068,919

55,930,974

209.5 %

10.3 %

6.9 %

Oceania

32,540,909

7,619,500

15,787,221

107.2 %

48.5 %

1.9 %

WORLD TOTAL

6,390,147,487

360,983,512

812,931,592

125.2 %

12.7 %

100.0 %

Source: http://www.internetworldstats.com

Just in case you’re curious about Australia :

OCEANIA

Population

( 2004 Est. )

Usage, in

Dec/2000

Internet Usage,

Latest Data

Use Growth

(2000-2004)

% Population

(Penetration)

% Users

Oceania

Australia

20,275,700

6,600,000

13,359,821

102.4%

65.9 %

84.9 %

2% of 800 million is a heck of a lot of bloggers (people who write blogs). The founder of a business set up to specifically create tools for the blogsphere (the world of blogs) reckons “about 12,000 new blogs pop up online worldwide each day. On about 10 million blogs today, writers are posting about 400,000 new items per day. That’s more than 16,000 per hour“. He says:

“This reminds me of the Web in 1994. It’s an ecosystem that’s evolving and just being built”.

Here’s some specific perspective:

“Super-popular blogger Glen Reynolds, of Instapundit.com, leaves his traffic logs open, where we can see that he averages around 100,000 visitors a day and more than 2 million uniques a month. Considering that he’s only one guy, that’s astounding. By comparison, HoustonChronicle.com reports 1.5 million unique monthly readers. Granted, Instapundit is one of the most widely read bloggers out there, but it puts the phenomenon in perspective.”

One guy’s online journal attracts more readers than a leading online US newspaper? How wild is that?

The other day I read a great article online, an interview with Jeff Jarvis – amongst other things the creator and founding editor of Entertainment Weekly. He’s also a well-known blogger. I was completely struck by Jeff’s forceful explanation of this world of self-published digital content:

“So now anyone can control, create, market, distribute, find, and interact with anything they want. The barrier to entry to media is demolished. Media, always a one-way pipe, now becomes an open pool. And, most important, the centralization of media — the marketplace, the network, the monopoly — is replaced by a decentralized universe. This changes everything. It changes the relationships. It changes the economics. It changes the power.

Whenever citizens can exercise control, they will. Today they are challenging and changing media — where bloggers now fact-check Dan Rather’s ass — but tomorrow they will challenge and change politics, government, marketing, and education as well. This isn’t just a media revolution, though that’s where we are seeing the impact first. This is a chain-reaction of revolutions. It has just begun.”

I immediately emailed the article link off to our company’s chairman Terry Cutler, who soon emailed back a one line note: ‘remember cluetrain.com’.

I haven’t actually confessed to the boss yet, but I had completely forgotten. I have a bad memory at the best of times, but the crunch is Clue Train was written in 1999, years before we even invented the word ‘blog’, and before many people were even talking about the phenomenon of self-published digital content. At the time I didn’t get it either.

Clue Train is a book, and you can read it for free on the web site http://www.cluetrain.com/. At the heart is the Clue Train Manifesto:



























we are not seats or eyeballs or end users or consumers. we are human beings – and our reach exceeds your grasp

deal with it

The Clue Train Manifesto

Online Markets…

Networked markets are beginning to self-organize faster than the companies that have traditionally served them. Thanks to the web, markets are becoming better informed, smarter, and more demanding of qualities missing from most business organizations.

…People of Earth

The sky is open to the stars. Clouds roll over us night and day. Oceans rise and fall. Whatever you may have heard, this is our world, our place to be. Whatever you’ve been told, our flags fly free. Our heart goes on forever. People of Earth, remember.


The front of the web site says:

“A powerful global conversation has begun. Through the Internet, people are discovering and inventing new ways to share relevant knowledge with blinding speed. As a direct result, markets are getting smarter—and getting smarter faster than most companies.”

Scroll down the home page and you can read the 95 Theses. Yeah, it’s a few pages to print out, but all you arts managers must print it, and read it. Try number 27:

“By speaking in language that is distant, uninviting, arrogant, they build walls to keep markets at bay.” Sound familiar? I’ve worked in and around the arts for 20 years, and I still marvel at some of the arts crap spewed out at an unsuspecting public – a public which, in the main, didn’t study Brecht and Voltaire for three years at NIDA . Some read like a PhD dissertation.

I’ll let you read the other 94. It’s the best darn half an hour you’ll spend this month, if you truly want to understand how an arts organisation – indeed any business – needs to think, act and react in today’s digital online world. A world where 13,359,821 of your own countypeople are online, where 812,931,592 of your global compatriots access the internet. Where nearly 60% don’t just sit passively in front of a computer screen, but actively contribute their words, thoughts, photos, experiences, opinions, their lives.

I think the days of me turning up like a passive blob, sitting up straight, in a theatre, indeed any arts event, are over. My days of relying on the guff you arts publicists send out to me via the newspaper, direct mail, press release, poster and flyer are over. The days where the only insight I have into the performance is the one page of Director’s Notes in the program are over.

Because I feel a responsibility to actually research my Click to Start columns I conducted an extensive poll of my findings. Oh, alright, I had a chat to one of the Arts Hub staff over a smoke in the backgarden. She’s an experienced theatre director and performer, she immediately had two ideas – a web cam live to the Net during rehearsal, and writing a blog when her new show hits the road in a few months.

Goodness, a director willing to let the great unwashed randomly access the development of the art without a filter or editing; and then willing to write about taking the art to the masses across the country. Heresy – for a non-digital world. Natural – in a networked digital marketplace.

Click to Start – Never Change Your Phone Number Again

Ever sat at your desk tapping your fingers waiting for another staff member to finish their call, so you could dial a number? How would you like a telephone system with unlimited incoming lines? And unlimited outgoing lines?

Indeed, how about a small business telephone system which:

  • Only needs one phone line from the street
  • Has a telephone number you can take with you anywhere
  • Has no PABX box or complicated wiring to install in your office – in fact, which doesn’t need any telephone wiring at all
  • Receives faxes as emails straight to your inbox
  • Receives voicemail as MP3 files
  • Doesn’t need a technician to come onsite for every minor system change
  • Costs substantially less than a normal telephone system

    Sound good? It is good, and it’s making Telstra and other large ingrained telephone companies around the world very nervous.

    Last week here at Arts Hub we threw away our expensive leased PABX system, and installed a brand new VOIP (voice over internet protocol) telephone system. It features all the benefits on the list above, and more.

    So what is VOIP? Basically it’s telephones run over an internet connection. Nowadays if you ring Arts Hub, instead of your voice hurtling down one of hundreds of copper wires laid under our street and into our building, it’s chopped up into bits and bytes and sent to us over the Internet. Some cool software and hardware housed at our internet provider grabs the phone call and directs it to our phone handsets, and hey presto, our phone rings.

    With non-VOIP telephone systems you need a piece of copper wire coming in from the street for each incoming telephone line. So if your PABX has four phone lines, you need four pieces of copper. And if each of the four lines are being used, no-one else can make a call out – and conversely, and possibly more critically, no-one call you.

    With VOIP incoming and outgoing lines are virtual, they are created on the fly as need. So in the Arts Hub office we can have every handset operating, answering and making calls, all at the same time. And we need only one phone line – and that’s for our internet connection.

    It’s not hard to see why the Telstra’s of this world are worried by VOIP. Research by McKinsey Consulting suggests $US5.5 billion could be lost from the traditional fixed line market across to VOIP. The percentage of fixed line users who might switch to VOIP by 2010 around the world is forecast as high as 26% – that’s Japan, often an earlier adopter. But Forrester still suggests 7 or 8% of users in European countries like France and Italy could switch in the next five years. Just how fast the takeup of VOIP will rocket ahead depends on which research report you read, but for example:

    “The global consumer VoIP market is forecast to grow from almost 16 million users at the end of 2004 to 197 million users at the end of 2008, according to Ovum, a technology consultancy based in London.

    Over half of these users will use a voice service originating from a PDA, games console, or PC that is integrated with chat, instant messaging, or text messaging.”

    The second paragraph is the really interesting one – because when making telephone calls is not tied to telephone equipment, a whole new world opens up. Now any internet enabled device, such as a game console, can be used. All it needs is a broadband internet connection.

    A survey of coporate executives worldwide conducted on behalf of US phone giant AT&T last year found:

    “43 percent of respondents were currently using, testing or planning to implement VoIP within the next two years. A further 18 percent said they planned to implement VoIP in the longer term.”

    In Australia a report entitled ‘Australia VoIP Services Forecast and Analysis, 2002-2007’ says:

    “VoIP will continue to be the sweetspot of next-generation networks. It will double every year over the next four years from $14.3 million in 2003 to $288 million by 2007.”

    It’s important to point out the big boys of the telecommunications industry are not taking all this lying down, an article in the Age last week says Telstra has 200 people testing a VOIP solution in Melbourne at the moment.

    VOIP is not just for business – it’s for home as well, and offers some pretty neat opportunities, including free phone calls anywhere in the world. Many people would have tried talking with audio, and perhaps video, to another computer user. As long as you have broadband, and the right software – which these days just means something like Microsoft Messenger – you can communicate to your hearts delight for no more cost than the use of your internet connection. Here’s some basic stuff about VOIP at home. And a good article from the Melbourne PC User Group.

    So what does our VOIP phone system look like? The first thing to get your head around is that VOIP doesn’t run over phone lines, it uses the same network cables as connect your computers together. The telephone units have two sockets on the back, into one you plug the network cable which normally runs to your computer. Then you use a short cable to connect from the second outlet to your computer – the handset just sits inline with your network cable.

    And that’s it. There’s no big mysterious box on the wall, nor a million wires sprouting out of the wall. We don’t even have phone points installed in the office. All the magic happens at our internet provider’s offices. Anywhere we can reach with a network cable we can put a phone. Plus, and much more cool, we also have a wireless phone. It uses our existing wireless network here at the office, the handset looks just like any normal cordless phone.

    In the middle of writing this Click to Start there was a call for me, and some poor soul wound up lost in cyberspace because the staff messed up transferring the call to me. As with any new office system there is a degree of training involved, to teach people how to push the right button – but that’s inevitable whatever equipment you introduce.

    Pricing compares very favourably. Our PABX system had four lines – for which Telstra charged us something like $40 per month each – and we paid around $300 a month to lease the PABX. With VOIP you don’t pay per line – because there aren’t any. Instead you pay per handset. So we now don’t pay for lines, and we don’t pay to lease the PABX.

    We’re paying $9.90 lease per handset per month. Call costs are at least 20% cheaper, I reckon, than Telstra.  VOIP is also very scalable. If we want another handset, we just plug it in. If we’re losing quality because of too many concurrent simultaneous phone calls, we just up the speed on our internet connection. No longer do we call the phone company and tell them to come and run more wires from the street.

    What’s the downside you ask? Well, like anything, and particularly something new, there are some issues:

  • Security – if you are genuinely concerned about security issues, the ability for an eavesdropper listening in on your calls, then you should exercise caution and research the issue with your service provider. Security for VOIP is in its infancy.
  • Quality – the quality of the phone calls can vary depending on your equipment, internet connection, and the quality of the network run by your service provider. I’ve now made a few dozen calls, and the worst problem I’ve had was a slight echo, a short delay on my voice. At the end of the day though, nothing as bad as calling a dodgy mobile phone.

    The one price we’ve had to pay is a change to our telephone number – which isn’t a bad thing. Even though callers wouldn’t know, we’ve been diverting calls from our main (03) 9682 9920 number since late last year when we moved office. We only shifted a couple of suburbs, but we changed telephone exchanges, so Telstra was unable to move the number. That’s now a thing of the past, our new number (03) 8320 3222 is virtual – we can take it anywhere. With any luck Arts Hub will never need to change its telephone number ever again.

    http://www.ozinternetphones.com/ – a pretty good Australian site with a list of providers

    http://forums.whirlpool.net.au/forum-threads.cfm?f=107 – the Whirlpool VOIP discussion

  • Click to Start – Art and Technology Changes Things

    Last week I was proud to deliver the Occasional Address to the graduating students from the arts and technology faculties at the University of Ballarat. In preparing my speech I spent some time pondering the intersection of arts and technology, and building the case supporting their critical role in our future world.

    Returning home I realised that Arts Hub members might be interested in the sentiment, and so below is the text of my speech.

    Deputy Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, Members of University Council, distinguished guests, ladies and gentleman. Good afternoon, and thank you for the opportunity to be with you.

    When I first received an invitation to speak to you today, I had visions of standing here uttering witty anecdotes of life as the owner of a business which has as its core the melding of the arts world with the technology world.

    On reflection I discounted this idea. Firstly because as a stand up comedian I make a much better dishwasher, and secondly, and most importantly, because I realized there were some issues important to me which I wanted to address.

    I’m particularly pleased to be speaking today because all of you here represent the people I believe are the chosen ones as our planet moves forward into the 21st century.

    We live in a world dominated by political systems, and a media, that make much of economic circumstances. Which openly promotes the division between the haves and the have nots. We are deep in a global economic cycle which has led to unbelievable growth in personal wealth, often at the expense of many of the people who do the actual work which results in extraordinary prosperity for a select few.

    Many people of this world live in countries whose political masters deliberately isolate a minority in order to promote an socio-economic agenda to the majority.

    Their tactics are exclusionary, short sighted, and use fear of the new and unknown to encourage people to look backwards instead of forwards.

    Why do I think this is important to you? Because I think you are the people who have the greatest chance of effecting change, of changing the world.

    So today I’d like to touch on a couple of the issues close to my heart. For starters how art and technology are in fact two sides of the same coin; how the arts creates clever people; and then how the intellectual property created by arts and technology have the power to achieve incredible economic and social change.

    Art and Technology Hand in Hand

    Art and technology go hand in hand. There’s a magazine article from 10 years ago I refer back to once in a while. The author was commenting on the use of technology in the arts, and explained that sometimes technology was ahead of the artists, sometimes behind. Sometimes artists use technology in ways the technologists never envisaged. Sometimes the technologists equip the artists to achieve an artistic vision previously unattainable. The magazine article concludes that

    “The relationship between the artist and the technologist needs to be seen less as a two side topology, rather, with a not so simple half twist we can turn it into a Moebius Strip, which only has one side.”

    It’s how I see arts and technology – two sides of the same coin.

    Arts Creates Clever People

    A research project in the United States, which analysed a database of 25,000 school students, found that students with high levels of arts participation outperform “arts-poor” students by virtually every measure. Now if you think about it, that’s not particularly surprising. Children of wealthier families very often have greater opportunity to engage with the Arts. But the researchers were genuinely surprised when they crunched the numbers some more.

    What they found was a statistical significance in comparisons of high and low arts participants in the lowest socioeconomic segments.

    The research showed that high arts participation makes a more significant difference to students from low-income backgrounds than for high-income students.

    They also found clear evidence that sustained involvement in particular art forms—music and theatre —are highly correlated with success in mathematics and reading.

    Intellectual Property and Copyright

    While I was researching some thoughts for today, I came across some both sobering and exciting information on the web site of the World Bank.

    According to a recent World Bank report, the countries that became richer over the last 30 years were those that mostly export intellectual property. Their incomes grew faster. The incomes of poor countries that mostly export raw materials didn’t grow at all. It’s a stark contrast for an Australian economy that continues, to a large degree, to be underpinned by stuff dug out of the ground, instead of stuff dug out of our brains. An argument I know needs no explaining in this forum.

    Intellectual property has helped the rich countries’ economies grow. An easy example is the insidious spread of Hollywood movies and television. I use the word insidious carefully, programs like Joe Millionaire, Survivor and Sex and the City have a lot to answer for. Yet my four year old son is entranced by Blues Clues. He watches Sesame Street with the same sense of excitement as I did when I was watching 30 years ago.

    Our son is contributing, in his own small way, to a massive growth in the export of intellectual property by the United States. For example:

  • In 2002, the U.S. “total” copyright industries accounted for an estimated 12% of the U.S. gross domestic product ($1.25 trillion).
  • The “total” copyright industries employed 8.41% of U.S. workers in 2002 (11.47 million workers). This level approaches the total employment levels of the entire health care and social assistance sector (15.3 million) and the entire U.S. manufacturing sector (14.5 million workers in 21 manufacturing industries).
  • In 2002, the U.S. copyright industries achieved foreign sales and exports estimated at $89.26 billion. That’s more than the motor vehicle industry and the aviation industry

    Now, please don’t get me wrong. I’m not saying all of this is automatically good. Anyone who’s suffered through the 95th repeat of Frasier, or Everybody Loves Raymond, can easily point out that not all exported intellectual property is automatically a positive influence for the importing nation.

    The Global Marketplace

    Let’s look at the global marketplace America and the rest of us are playing in:

  • Music Composition and Production – Worth $56 billion globally in 2002.
  • Film market worth $14-$17 billion globally in 2002.
  • World market for games and ‘edutainment’/reference software expected to reach $49 billion in 2007.
  • Global television distribution market estimated at $215 billion in 2002.

    Add those four items up and you’ve got a global marketplace of $337 billion. And this list doesn’t include other sectors such as design, performing arts, or books and publishing.

    The creative and technology industries are the key contributors to these huge numbers.

    And when I talk about contributors, I mean you. You are the next generation of people who will take on the challenges of the world, who will build the next generation of artistic and technological endeavour.

    The creative and technology industries are the creators of intellectual property, of ideas and innovation – the greatest export assets Australia can possibly have. Bob Hawke called us the ‘Clever Country’, Kim Beazley gave us ‘Knowledge Nation’, Peter Beatty in Queensland has just announced the banana benders are no more, Queensland is now the ‘Smart State’.

    So how are we looking in Australia?

  • According to the Australia Council, Australia’s exports of cultural goods and services have grown steadily in recent years, to $1776 million. But, it should be pointed out our imports are twice that. Blame Sex in the City and Frasier again.
  • Creative industries add approximately $11 billion to the value of all goods and services in Australia (around 2% of GDP).
  • Only 25,000 Australian businesses export — just 4% of the firms in the country, a proportion slightly ahead of the United States, but below Canada, Spain and Norway.

    All of which tells us two things. Firstly we’re are trying to find a foothold in the global arena; and secondly, there is a quite ludicrous sized potential in the global marketplace for us to expand and grow our creative exports.

    Art and Technology Change Things

    In 1937 Pablo Picasso painted one of his most well known pictures. It’s called Guernica, and it’s named after a town in Spain which was terribly affected by the Spanish Civil War. Guernica is probably modern art’s strongest anti-war statement.

    It’s a very large picture, painted to decorate the Spanish stand at the 1937 Universal Exhibition in Paris – so it was seen by a vast number of people in a very short space of time. It’s been called ‘more of a cartoon than a picture’, because the text is writ so large in the image. It caused great controversy by bringing to the public conscience an important issue of the day.

    Skip forward 70 years, a few months ago bloggers on the Internet forced the resignation of one of America’s most prominent television news readers. CBS news anchor Dan Rather stepped down after bloggers revealed that a series of documents he had broadcast about President George Bush’s military record, were in fact fakes.

    A small group of individuals in their lounge rooms connected to the world via the Internet, did what apparently one of America’s largest media organisations could not – prove that Dan was wrong.

    The impact of technology on our world and society is truly pervasive; likewise the influence of the arts. From Web masters and graphic designers to architects and filmmakers, a new generation of techno-artists is very much in demand.

    There are big issues, and big challenges ahead for you. But you have been equipped with the tools and the knowledge and, I hope, the passion and commitment to employ them.

    If you don’t like something in our world or community, stand up and say so.

    The arts give rise to a myriad of forms of expression, to communicate your message. Technology can both assist to create the message, enables you to tell the whole world instantly.

    At the intersection of art and technology lies one of the most fertile grounds for creative expression, of creating economic prosperity, of redressing the imbalance between the haves and the have nots.

    Together art and technology truly can change the world.

    I wish you all the best as you make your way in the world. Very many congratulations on your graduation, and thank you for the invitation to speak to you today.

  • Click to Start – The Market Stall Arts Economy

    The release of Richard Florida’s book The Rise of the Creative Class has sparked a new wave of public and government awareness of the value of creatives to the broader economy. Florida’s argument is pretty simple: cities which encourage and promote a positive and nurturing atmosphere for creative industries workers reap economic rewards. His latest book, The Flight of the Creative Class, takes America to task for not doing enough, and warns that the creatives will seek a home elsewhere in the world instead, thereby depriving the United States even further.

    I don’t disagree with the fundamental propositions offered by Florida. I enjoy living in Melbourne. I enjoy walking down Acland Street, near my home in St Kilda with my children exclaiming in delight at the massive artworks perched atop the hairdresser. I always encourage the kids to give money to the buskers. On Sundays we browse along the  St Kilda Sunday Market stalls, tasting and testing all manner of home produced goods and artworks.

    And it’s when I’m wandering the markets I realise what I’m seeing – an arts business economy hard at work. Last time I looked, the Australia Council doesn’t hand out grants to run an arts market stall. Or offer a free download on their web site of publications to help an artist research, plan and operate a market stall. Yet the markets are a microcosm of a massive arts economy.

    I’m not going to bother to quote the statistics. We can elocute to the fact Australia’s cultural economy is worth billions of dollars. That it employs hundreds of thousands of people. And that it exports all over the world – even if our imports of cultural product outstrip the exports by two to one.

    The market stalls remind me that an economy which cannot stand on its own two feet is not an economy. No-one in their right mind is going to take the trouble to book and pay for their stall; muster up stock; set the alarm for an ungodly hour on a Sunday morning; and stand in the winter chill on a cold pavement all day while hordes of only sometimes interested people tramp past, touching, prodding and poking the stall holder’s wares – unless it makes economic sense. This isn’t a government funded art-fest. It isn’t art for arts sake. It’s business. It’s a way for the stall holder to earn money to help feed themselves and often their families.

    You cannot bypass business fundamentals. A market stall costs x amount to rent. The goods you sell on the stall cost y in materials to produce. The customers hand over z to purchase the goods. If z is greater than x plus y, then you made a profit. If less, you made a loss. And what on earth would possess someone to continue if it made a loss? Richard Pratt, the cardboard box making, showbiz supporting billionaire was once asked his secret to successful business. His response: earn more than you spend.

    Back in the early 1980s when I finished school I had no idea in the world what I wanted to do. I enrolled in a Bachelor of Arts at Monash University, majoring in English, English, English, oh and more English. Which means I can spell. I got kicked out after first year – probably something to do with a complete lack of work in the last part of the year. Albeit following a promising start, with plenty of distinctions and credits in the first couple of terms.

    Problem is, I was bored shitless. I was in a holding pattern. I was completely uninformed about the world, and uninformed about my choices in the world. I became involved in student theatre, wound up with a job in the campus theatre, and that led to a 12 year career in technical and operations management in theatre and entertainment facilities around the country.

    If I could have my university application all over again, I would apply for an economics course. In retrospect, it’s quite clear to me I would have been a far better arts manager had I completed an economics degree, rather than one in arts management. Today, with nearly ten years under my belt running my own company, it frightens me to look back, and realise how naïve, uninformed and generally ignorant of business I was in my arts management days. Clearly I stumbled through and didn’t fall completely on my face but, I suspect, there are plenty of arts managers out there stumbling along today.

    If I had had an economics degree under my belt, I might have started to ask the questions 20 years ago that I ponder today. Because despite my acceptance of the general Florida mantra, I’m now coming to the conclusion that government grants for the arts – grants given to arts companies and individuals, are a bad thing.

    Grants breed a welfare mentality, of living with the expectation of funding. Long term unemployed, those who have been the recipients of government handouts, are considered amongst the most disadvantaged in our community. Great amounts of time and money is deployed in the quest to return them to the workplace and employment. Yet arts companies, and some artists, have been effectively living on government welfare for decades. Oh, sure, from time to time there are murmurs of ‘reducing their reliance on recurrent funding’, but nobody takes it really seriously. There is a presumption inherent in arts managers that whatever the ebb and flow of trendy management theory amongst government arts agencies, at the end of the day the triennial funding agreement will still come through.

    Grant funding is a vicious, non- productive circle – just like long term reliance on the dole. It ties people into a pre-determined model, instead of exploring alternatives. It’s a bureaucratic, unimaginative way to do business. Each year the Australia Council and sundry state government arts ministries publish their glossy grant round booklets. Each year arts managers and artists pore over the colourful pages, considering how they can manipulate and massage their current visions into the frameworks compiled by a bunch of government employees sitting in their ergonomically designed cubicles.

    Grants cost the applicant time and money. You take time to apply, to wait for a response, to report and acquit. Yet you can’t claim that time and labour as part of the grant application. In many cases, if you perform an ROI (Return on Investment), the cost to service the grant could be larger than the grant itself. It’s a poor economic decision.

    It’s easy to blame a lack of artistic output on a lack of funding support. Yet the funding levels will never substantially change. The arts has been arguing it is under-funded for decades. Apparently the first Australian arts grant was given in the early 1880s – a poet named Michael Robinson was given a couple of government cows for his services as Poet Laureate. Inevitably one can presume two things: Robinson didn’t think two cows was enough, and all his fellow poets thought he had compromised his artistic integrity for taking the cows in the first place. 

    Grants avoid ruthless feedback. Yet acceptance of feedback is a critical skill to survive in life and business. And to improve an artist’s work. Instead the feedback is couched in jargon and comfort words aimed at avoiding confrontation.

    I want to be clear here – I’m talking specifically about application based grant funding. For example, conversely to grants, I believe sponsorship and philanthropic support are outstandingly positive elements. They promote business and community interaction, they are, generally speaking, based on realistic business objectives and ideals, whether it be a major telecommunications company sponsoring the Australian Opera, or the local printer supporting a local theatre company by printing the show’s posters for free.

    Every election, every budget, the arts makes yet more submissions to government. Occasionally incremental increases are found. Some major arts sectors have been on the bust boom cycle for years – the latest are the symphony orchestras, before that the visual arts, before that performing arts companies. Of course it requires an expensive public enquiry conducted by a high profile person (notice how the enquiry heads are invariably high profile BUSINESS people: Helen Nugent, Rupert Myer, James Strong) to find that the enquired-upon arts sector is economically unviable in its present shape/form/composition/funding level/audience size.

    In my more extreme moments I conceive of dumping arts grants altogether. Maybe arts organisations should be made to endure the same economic realities as the Sunday Market stall holders. Perhaps we’re giving the money to the wrong people? Lets instead give it to the audiences – the general public – in the form of rebates for attendance. Instead of ‘Medicare’, why not have ‘Artscare’? Each time a person pays to go to an arts event, they tootle down to the ‘Artscare’ office, fill out a form, and receive a portion of their attendance cost back. We can even have bulk billing for children and seniors.

    A long time ago a well respected arts manager told me mine would be the last generation of arts administrators without university degrees. She was quite right. My problem is whether the training institutions of today are pumping out bright-eyed graduates with the right skills sets? 

    I’ve had reason of late to delve into the world of Cooperative Research Centres, a major Federal government program to support centres of research excellence in conjunction with universities and industry. The quick summary of the CRCs is:

    “The programme emphasises the importance of collaborative arrangements to maximise the benefits of research through an enhanced process of utilisation, commercialisation and technology transfer. It also has a strong education component with a focus on producing graduates with skills relevant to industry needs.

    The CRC Programme was established in 1990 to improve the effectiveness of Australia’s research and development effort. It links researchers with industry to focus R&D efforts on progress towards utilisation and commercialisation. The close interaction between researchers and the users of research is a key feature of the programme. Another feature is industry contribution to CRC education programmes to produce industry-ready graduates.”

    If I had my way, this would be a pretty good philosophy for the universities when turning out arts graduates – of all flavours and disciplines. The tertiary institutions are seen as centres of excellence, producing industry-ready graduates. The institutions’ efforts are focussed on projects and activities which have commercialisation potential, and thus economic potential – entirely consistent with the Florida thesis of using cultural activity to stimulate a community’s economic vitality with creative endeavours and personnel.

    The graduates are encouraged to take the lead, to do it for themselves, to act independently and in a way which is productive to themselves and others through making a cultural contribution to their local economy. Just like a Sunday Market stall holder. Instead of waiting around for a grant application to be approved.

    Click to Start

    Click to Start was a column I wrote for a while on artshub.com.au a few years ago.

     

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       

          

          

       

       
     

     
     

     

     

    > The Need for Speed 20/06/2002
    > The Gift Which Keeps On Giving 4/07/2002
    > How would you like to pay for that? 19/07/2002
    > Lights, Camera, Action 1/08/2002
    > The currency of content 20/02/2003
    > Define or be defined 18/06/2003
    > Tinkering Around With New Technology 7/07/2003
    > Arts Outcomes for Non-Arts Projects 10/08/2003
    > Twenty Years of Shooting Ourselves in the Foot 26/08/2003
    > Slow Thinking Music Dinosaur 30/01/2004
    > Do You Berry? 15/06/2004
    > A Tourniquet on Cultural Endeavour 21/06/2004
    > Campaigning Online 5/07/2004
    > Eventually disaster befalls everyone 13/10/2004
    > Written by the Readers 19/11/2004
    > Never Change Your Phone Number Again 7/03/2005
    > Art and Technology Changes Things 18/05/2005
    > The Market Stall Arts Economy 1/07/2005

    Fragile Technology Chapter Outline

    1. To Err is Human

    2. How it got this way

    3. Reformat That Hard Drive

    4. Not The End of the World – The
    Scary Effects

    5. Going Cheap – The Silly Effects

    6. Upgrades Doomed to Failure

    7. Pushing the Wrong Button –
    Human Error

    8. I Failed Maths at School

    9. Code Crunchers Take a Lunch
    Break

    10. The Stupid and Strange

    11. Try Hard Government

    12. Great Business Blunders

    13. Crashing Satellites – Science and Space

    14. Virtual Money – the world of Finance

    15. Fragile Technology

    Introduction to Fragile Technology

    Fragile Technology is a book about how
    technology, and particularly computerised systems, is made fragile by humans.
    It is not an academic dissertation, but takes a mostly light-hearted look at
    the ways in ways in which technology pervades our lives, our dependency on
    technology, and catalogues some of the consequent susceptibility of our world
    to its failure.

    Fragile Technology takes a somewhat
    fatalistic approach, in part suggesting the pursuit of technological utopia is
    pointless, because the technology was created by a 24 year old computer science
    graduate who had a fight with his girlfriend on the weekend and is nursing a
    hangover from the resulting consoling drinks with his mates.

    Fragile Technology includes many examples
    ranging from the sublime to the frightening. From prisoners in Florida jail
    mistakenly paid hundreds of thousands of dollars, to the quick thinking Russian
    military officer who is credited with averting a nuclear war after identifying
    an incoming American missile attack as being caused by a software glitch.

    Fragile Technology does not set out to
    provide a definitive solution to the woes of our technologically-enhanced
    world. But it does highlight the areas of failure and most common causes.

    Is it any wonder:

    “A startling 52 per cent of us admit to
    having committed a Digital Blunder in our lives, with email the most common
    cause of tech-related embarrassment.”

     

    Or in more formal terms:

    The systems humans create are like nature — they’re complex, unstable and
    unpredictable. Add to that the fact that they’re susceptible to human error and
    malicious actions.”

    “The brittleness of increasingly complex, interconnected systems, leading
    some to question their near-total dependence on them.”

    Or in short:

    “Any technology indistinguishable from
    magic is insufficiently advanced”

     

    Fragile Technology is about the inherent
    weaknesses in today’s technology – and the technology of tomorrow. Our society,
    and our world, rely on a complex environment of inter-connecting systems, the
    chaos theory to the ultimate degree. A action in one country, leads to failure
    in another otherwise unrelated location. One person’s screw-up can bring down a
    company or a government. And presiding over the decisions which crucially
    affect how technology works is inevitably someone who has absolutely no idea
    how it works, or understanding of how their choices will impact the future.

    Self-interest, ignorance, corruption and
    incompetence dominate decisions; and systems fail and people die as a result. A
    programmer takes a lunchbreak and half the

    United States

    is without
    electricity. A computer glitch freezes trading on one of the busiest days for
    the London Stock Exchange. A Philipino woman wins a million dollars on a television
    game show because a technician plugs the wrong cable into the wrong computer
    screen.

    An electricity
    supply dip to a pharmacutical company’s datacentre results in 4,700 patients
    being given either the wrong medicine or incorrect dosage instructions. A
    ambulance dispatch management system which ‘appeared
    to ignore the basic tenets for software
    ’ fails for 36 hours and is blamed
    for ten to twenty deaths.

    From the sublime, to the ridiculous, to
    the gut wrenchingly terrifying calamity of accidental nuclear annihilation, our
    entire lives are controlled, managed, serviced and supplied by technology which
    99.999% of the population has absolutely no understanding of. We blindly
    subvert ourselves to electronic systems, which, literally in some cases, keep
    us alive. Yet how many people know how to turn on call waiting? The old joke of
    asking an eight year old to program the video recorder has worn thin – because
    we were making it 30 years ago, and still are today.

    Our collective community comprehension of
    the technology which governs our lives has not advanced one iota. Yet the
    technology has become more pervasive, more endemic – and more in control.

    Alright, I’m a slacker

    Clearly I fall into the category of a complete slacker. I blogged for a year or two, then lost the plot and gave it away.

    I’ve re-invigorated the blog as a starting point for a broader web
    site covering a number of areas of interest to me, including Fragile
    Technology, some of my more geeky programming work, and as a place in
    general for ideas, writing, bits and pieces. We’ll see how long it
    lasts.

    Fragile Technology

    Fragile Technology was an idea of mine a year or two ago, mostly around a book proposal I worked up one holidays. I wrote a sample chapter and a chapter outline, and talked to a couple of publishers who expressed interest – but with re-writes. And that’s when everything ground to a halt because as is so often the case a) I was incredibly busy and had no time; b) I probably had moved on to some other pet project.

    > Introduction to the Fragile Technology Idea

    > Chapter Outline

    > Sample Chapter